VAZ 2106 - Repair manual and operation

2.4. Diagnostics of malfunctions of cardan transfer, back bridge, running gear, steering and brake system

(Malfunctions of other systems with similar signs are also mentioned in this section. They are designated by a symbol *)

Cause of defect	Elimination method
Knock at start-off
Wear of shlitsevy connection of the forward end of the driveshaft with its flange or cardan hinges (klatsaniye), fastening of an intermediate support to an arm or an arm to a body (a deaf sound) weakened	Proshpritsuyte shlitsevy connections by SHRUS-4, Fiol-1 or Litol-24 lubricant. Replace worn-out cardan hinges or the driveshaft assembled, tighten fastenings of an intermediate support
The gap in gearing of gear wheels of the main transfer is big, their teeths are worn-out	Adjust a side gap in gearing of gear wheels. Replace worn-out gear wheels
The gap in gearing of gear wheels of the main transfer because of a shaft nut otvorachivaniye is broken	Tighten a nut the recommended moment, if necessary install the new expansion plug
Break of jet bars of a back suspension bracket or arms of their fastening, side play in saylent-blocks	Replace bars, weld arms
Wheel bolts weakened	Tighten bolts the recommended moment
Brake shoes stuck or froze to a drum	Is not malfunction. Pulling the lever or cables of the parking brake, try to turn a wheel carefully (not to break brake slips). Check ease of movement of cables in covers, pistons in wheel cylinders, rigidity of returnable springs of cables and coupling springs of blocks. At statement of the car on the parking whenever possible do not tighten the parking brake, and include transfer
Peeling of a brake slip from the block basis	Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis)
* Coupling is faulty	See Diagnostics of malfunctions of coupling
* Lost elasticity or support of the power unit collapsed	Replace support
Noise at movement of the car along the flat highway
Bearings of a reducer of the back bridge are worn-out, their pretightness is broken, landing (uniform noise weakened from the back bridge)	Replace worn-out bearings, the expansion plug, adjust a pretightness (see. Zadny Bridge)
Teeths of gear wheels of the main transfer are worn-out, the side gap in gearing, teases on teeths is broken: howl from the back bridge, decreasing or disappearing at decrease in loading (an otpuskaniye of a pedal of "gas")	Replace worn-out gear wheels, adjust a side gap
Fastening of the conducted gear wheel to a differential box (a gear wheel beating) weakened	Tighten threaded connections (it is possible to use sealant for carvings), replace worn-out gear wheels (couple)
Wear of bearings of half shafts or bearings of naves of forward wheels	Replace bearings
The bearing of an intermediate support is worn-out	Replace the bearing
Imbalance of cardan transfer	Check, whether on the place lock rings of bearings of crosspieces. Balance cardan transfer on HUNDRED or replace
Tires are not intended for these service conditions (on asphalt cross-country, snow tires, antisliding chains, etc. are used)	Use tires according to their appointment
High speed in turns	Reduce speed before turn. Adjust the angles of installation of forward wheels, pressure in tires
Uneven wear or peeling of a protector, deformation of the tire, rim	Replace a wheel
The wheel touches the flap (especially on the loaded car)	Check and adjust the angles of installation of wheels, replace the deformed suspension bracket details which sank springs. Do not overload the car. Use only regular wheels
Wheel bolts touch details of a back brake	Use bolts according to rim thickness
Details of brake mechanisms touch a brake disk / reel	Sort knot, replace defective parts
Bolts of fastening of a wheel weakened	Tighten bolts, at deformation of a wheel – replace a wheel
Peeling of a brake slip from the block basis	Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis)
* Malfunctions of the engine, coupling, transmission	See appropriate sections of "Diagnostics"
* Howl, whistle from a luggage carrier (freight) on a roof	Reduce speed
Knocks, scratches at the movement on off road terrain
The car is overloaded	Do not overload the car. Distribute freight evenly, using salon
Shock-absorbers are faulty, their fastenings weakened, rubber pillows wore out	Replace the shock-absorber (better at the same time both on one axis), rubber pillows
Destruction of the buffer of a suspension bracket (forward or back) or additional top buffer (back)	Replace buffers/buffers
Draft or breakage of a spring of a suspension bracket	Replace a spring (better to change at once both springs – left and right)
Break of jet bars of a back suspension bracket or arms of their fastening, side play in saylent-blocks	Replace bars, weld arms
The final system is incorrectly mounted or deformed: its details touch the road or the driveshaft	Replace final system or change the provision of its details (taking into account the suspension bracket course)
Spherical support of a forward suspension bracket are worn out or are not greased	Measure wear of spherical support (see. Forward suspension bracket), be convinced of free movement of spherical fingers. Put fresh ShRB-4 lubricant in covers (the lower support can be proshpritsevat)
Saylent-blocks of a forward suspension bracket are worn-out or destroyed	Replace saylent-blocks
Fastening of an axis of the lower and/or top levers weakened	Tighten threaded connections
Fastening of a beam of a forward suspension bracket to body longerons weakened	Tighten threaded connections
Fastening of a steering wheel on a shaft, a steering column to an arm, the steering mechanism and an arm of the pendular lever to body longerons weakened	Tighten threaded connections
Knock in the steering mechanism: strong wear or destruction of working surfaces of a worm and a roller, plugs of the pendular lever, is not adjusted a gap in gearing, there is no oil in a case of the steering mechanism	Replace worn-out details, adjust a gap in gearing of a roller and a worm, add oil
Suspension bracket elements (levers, stabilizer bar), steering drafts are bent. Fastening of details of a suspension bracket weakened	Correct the deformed details or replace. Tighten threaded connections
Belts of fastening of final system, collar of fastening of an exhaust pipe to an arm on the transmission weakened or are lost	Establish new belts, a collar
* Lost elasticity or support of the power unit collapsed	Replace support
Fastening of a half shaft and brake board to a beam of the back bridge weakened	Tighten threaded connections
Pressure in tires is big	Establish normal pressure
Noise or clicks in the back bridge at turns of the car or at pro-slipping of one of driving wheels
Teeths of satellites or semi-axial gear wheels are worn-out or broken	Adjust an axial gap of semi-axial gear wheels, replace strongly worn out or broken details
Knock, scratches at turns of the car
Bolts of fastening of a wheel weakened	Tighten bolts, at deformation of a wheel replace a wheel
The raised axial side play of a wheel (strong wear of bearings of forward wheels or weakening of a nut of a nave)	Tighten a wheel nave nut, if necessary replace the bearing
The wheel touches the flap (especially on the loaded car)	Replace the deformed suspension bracket details which sank springs. Do not overload the car. Use only regular wheels
Breakage of a spring of a suspension bracket	Replace a spring (better to change at once both springs of a suspension bracket – left and right)
Break of jet bars of a back suspension bracket or arms of their fastening, side play in saylent-blocks	Replace bars, weld arms
Spherical support of a forward suspension bracket are worn out or are not greased	Measure wear of spherical support (see. Forward suspension bracket), be convinced of free movement of spherical fingers. Put fresh ShRB-4 lubricant in covers (the lower support can be proshpritsevat)
Saylent-blocks of a forward suspension bracket are worn-out or destroyed	Replace saylent-blocks
Fastening of an axis of the lower and/or top levers weakened	Tighten threaded connections
Fastening of a beam of a forward suspension bracket to body longerons weakened	Tighten threaded connections
Fastening of a steering column to an arm, the steering mechanism and an arm of the pendular lever to body longerons weakened	Tighten threaded connections
Knock in the steering mechanism: strong wear or destruction of working surfaces of a worm and a roller, bipod shaft plugs, is not adjusted a gap in gearing, there is no oil in a case of the steering mechanism	Replace worn-out details, adjust a gap in gearing of a roller and a worm, add oil
Suspension bracket elements (levers, stabilizer bar), steering drafts are bent	Correct the deformed details or replace
Vibration at the movement of the car
The increased imbalance of forward wheels, deformation of the tire or its uneven wear, deformation of a wheel (the steering wheel beats)	Balance the wheels deformed or with uneven wear of the tire, – replace the deformed wheels
Strong imbalance of back wheels, deformation of the tire or its uneven wear, deformation of a wheel (vibration of a back of the car)	Balance the wheels deformed or with uneven wear of the tire, – replace the deformed wheels
Deformation of a cardan shaft / shaft, loss of balancing small weights (plates)	Repair cardan transfer on HUNDRED with the subsequent dynamic balancing or replace
Big side play of a crosspiece in the cardan hinge, loss of a lock ring from a hinge fork	Check existence of lock rings in pro-points of forks, axial movement of a crosspiece. Adjust a side play, replace worn-out details
Fastening of parts of cardan transfer weakened	Tighten threaded connections
Fastening of an intermediate support to an arm or an arm to a body weakened	Tighten fastenings
Tires are not intended for these service conditions (on the highway cross-country, snow tires, antisliding chains, etc. are used)	Use tires according to their appointment
Uneven wear or peeling of a protector, deformation of the tire, rim	Replace a wheel
Rocking of the car on the road
The shock-absorber is faulty	Replace the shock-absorber (better at the same time both on one axis)
Vibration when braking
Deformation of a brake disk	Replace a disk (better with couple)
The raised axial side play of a wheel (strong wear of bearings of forward wheels or weakening of a nut of a nave)	Tighten a wheel nave nut, if necessary replace the bearing
Ovality of the brake drum	Pierce or replace a drum
The piston in the back wheel cylinder is jammed	Replace the cylinder
The overlay of a brake shoe exfoliated from the basis	Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis)
The coupling spring of back brake shoes weakened or is broken	Replace a spring
Scratch, squeal when braking
Extreme wear of brake slips	Replace brake shoes (better at the same time everything on one axis)
Introduction in material of an overlay of foreign debris (sand)	As a rule, does not demand intervention (it is possible to clear slips a metal brush)
Poor quality of material of a slip	Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis)
Strong corrosion of a brake disk (because of poor quality of material of a disk and/or a slip)	(Pierce) Proshlifuyte or replace a disk
The overlay of a brake shoe exfoliated from the basis	Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis)
The coupling spring of back brake shoes weakened or is broken	Replace a spring
Braking with blocking of wheels	Not to peretormazhivayta, use the tires corresponding to traffic conditions
The increased brake pedal course (the pedal "soft" or "fails")
Air in the brake system, leak of brake fluid through thinnesses of connections of a hydraulic actuator, damage of cuffs to the main brake cylinder, pressure regulator, damage of brake tubes and hoses	Examine all highways, their threaded connections and cylinders, eliminate leakage. Restore the normal level of liquid in a brake tank and pump over system. At detection of damages of brake hoses (cracks, swellings or traces of brake fluid) – replace hoses. At suspicion on defects of the main brake cylinder replace it with obviously serviceable
Rubber cuffs of cylinders because of hit in brake fluid of oil, gasoline, etc. inflated.	Replace cylinders, hoses, completely merge brake fluid, wash out system fresh liquid and pump over
Overheat of brake mechanisms	Let's cool down to brakes. Check thickness of slips and brake disks. Apply only brake fluids recommended by manufacturer in system. In time replace brake fluid
The gap between blocks and a drum is increased (the device of automatic control of a gap does not work)	Replace the wheel cylinder, pump over system
Raised (more than 0,25 mm on edge) a beating of a brake disk	Replace a disk
One of contours of the working brake system does not work	Eliminate leak of liquid from the brake system, pump over system
The brake pedal course within norm (a pedal "rigid"), but stops the car badly
Oiling of brake disks, drums, slips	Clear greasy disks and drums, replace blocks (as a last resort grind off on a sandpaper). It is strictly forbidden to clear blocks solvents! Remove the cause of oiling (replace a half shaft cuff)
On a surface of slips the ice or salt crust was formed (winter); slips became wet	In a start of motion, at a small speed check brakes. During a rain and after journey of deep pools dry brakes easy pressing a pedal
Poor quality of material of slips	Replace blocks (better at the same time everything on one axis)
Obstruction of brake highways: tubes (because of dents) or hoses (because of swelling or stratification of rubber)	Replace the damaged tubes and hoses
Jamming of the piston in the cylinder, blocks in a support	Replace the cylinder, clear the contacting surfaces of blocks and a support, before installation grease them with SHRUS-4
Wear-out of brake slips (gnash of brakes)	Replace brake shoes (better at the same time everything on one axis)
The overlay of a brake shoe exfoliated from the basis	Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis)
Pressure regulator drive is incorrectly adjusted	Adjust the drive
Pressure regulator is faulty	Replace the regulator
The vacuum amplifier is faulty or the hose, the connecting amplifier with an inlet collector is untight	Check integrity of a hose, its landing on unions, an inhaling of collars. For check of the amplifier: kill the engine, press 5–8 times a pedal of a brake and, holding a pedal of pressed, launch the engine. At the serviceable amplifier after launch of the engine the pedal has to "leave" noticeably forward. The faulty amplifier replace
Incomplete disinhibition of all wheels
The wrong provision of an adjusting bolt concerning a cover of the vacuum amplifier	The end face of a bolt has to act concerning a cover end face on 1,25–0,2 mm
Rubber cuffs of cylinders because of hit in brake fluid of oil, gasoline, etc. inflated.	Replace cylinders, hoses, completely merge brake fluid, wash out system fresh liquid and pump over
Jammed the piston of the main cylinder (because of corrosion, breakage of returnable springs, hit in liquid of mechanical impurity)	Replace the main cylinder, pump over system
Jamming of a pedal of a brake: the returnable spring is broken or was extended, are strongly worn-out, pedal plugs, corrosion of an axis are not greased	Replace a defective spring, plugs, put in them fresh lubricant Litol-24, Tsiatim-201,-221, Fiol-1U
Snubbing of one of wheels at the released brake pedal
Jamming of the piston of the wheel cylinder	Replace the cylinder
Rubber cuffs of cylinders because of hit in brake fluid of oil, gasoline, etc. inflated.	Replace cylinders, hoses, completely merge brake fluid, wash out system fresh liquid and pump over
Obstruction of brake highways: tubes (because of dents) or hoses (because of swelling or stratification of rubber)	Replace the damaged tubes and hoses
Peeling of an overlay of a back brake shoe	Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis)
The coupling spring of back brake shoes weakened or is broken	Replace a spring
Deformation of an expansion level, distortion of blocks because of deformation of brake boards	Correct or replace an expansion level, brake boards
The parking brake is drawn, cables are jammed in covers	Adjust a tension of cables, oil them engine if the cover is damaged or cable delays are disheveled, and also at strong corrosion – replace them
Badly holds the parking brake
Wrong adjustment of the drive	Adjust the drive
Cables of the drive are jammed in covers	Oil cables engine if the cover is damaged or cable delays are disheveled, and also at strong corrosion – replace them
Brake drums, slips are greasy	Clear greasy disks and drums, replace blocks (as a last resort grind off on a sandpaper). It is strictly forbidden to clear blocks solvents! Remove the cause of oiling (replace a half shaft epiploon)
On a surface of slips the ice or salt crust was formed (winter); slips became wet	In a start of motion, at a small speed check brakes. During a rain and after journey of deep pools dry brakes easy pressing a brake pedal
Wear-out of brake slips (gnash of brakes)	Replace brake shoes (better at the same time everything on one axis)
At an otpuskaniye of the lever of the parking brake of a wheel do not rastormazhivatsya
After the long parking of the car of a block stuck (or froze) to a drum	Pulling the lever or cables of the parking brake, try to turn a wheel carefully (not to break brake slips). Check ease of movement of cables in covers, pistons in wheel cylinders, rigidity of returnable springs of cables of the parking brake and coupling springs of blocks. At statement of the car on the parking whenever possible do not tighten a brake, and include transfer
Wrong adjustment of the drive	Adjust the drive
Cables of the drive are jammed in covers	Oil cables engine if the cover is damaged or cable delays are disheveled, and also at strong corrosion – replace them
Withdrawal of the car from the rectilinear movement (on the flat road)
Unequal pressure of air in tires	Establish normal pressure
Violation of corners of a longitudinal inclination of an axis of turn and/or disorder of forward wheels	Adjust tilt angles of an axis of turn and/or disorder of forward wheels
Considerable difference in wear of tires	Replace the worn-out tire
Unequal draft or breakage of springs of a suspension bracket	Replace both springs
Details of a suspension bracket and/or body of the car are deformed	Correct or replace the deformed details and panels of a body
Shift of a back axis because of break of bars or arms of their fastening	Replace bars, weld arms
Podtormazhivany wheels because of jamming of the piston of the wheel cylinder	Replace the cylinder
Podtormazhivany a back wheel because of easing or breakage of a coupling spring of back brake shoes	Replace a spring
Obstruction of brake highways: tubes (because of dents) or hoses (because of swelling or stratification of rubber)	Replace the damaged tubes and hoses
Jamming of the piston of the wheel cylinder	Replace the cylinder
Obstruction of brake highways: tubes (because of dents) or hoses (because of swelling or stratification of rubber)	Replace the damaged tubes and hoses
Withdrawal or drift of the car when braking
Jamming of a wheel because of peeling of a slip from the basis of a brake shoe	Replace a block (better at the same time everything on one axis)
Oiling of brake disks, drums, slips	Clear greasy disks and drums, replace blocks (as a last resort grind off on a sandpaper). It is strictly forbidden to clear blocks solvents! Remove the cause of oiling (replace a half shaft epiploon)
On a surface of slips the ice or salt crust was formed (winter); slips became wet	In a start of motion, at a small speed check brakes. During a rain and after journey of deep pools dry brakes easy pressing a brake pedal
Different pressure in tires of the left and right wheels	Establish normal pressure
Considerable difference in wear of tires	Replace the worn-out tire
Deformation of a brake disk	Replace a disk (better with couple)
Ovality of the brake drum	Pierce or replace a drum
Unequal draft of springs of a forward suspension bracket	Replace both springs
The angles of installation of wheels are broken	Adjust the angles of installation of wheels
Bystry wear of a protector of tires
High speed of the movement, starts with pro-slipping of wheels, braking "on a skid", passing of turns with a drift or demolition of wheels	Change style of driving. Regulate pressure in tires, the angles of installation of wheels more often, check a condition of details of suspension brackets
Pressure in tires differs from norm	Establish normal pressure
The angles of installation of forward wheels are broken	Adjust the angles of installation of wheels
The raised axial side play of a wheel (strong wear of bearings of forward wheels or weakening of fastening of a nut of a nave)	Tighten a wheel nave nut, if necessary replace the bearing
Hit on a protector of materials, aggressive in relation to rubber, – bitumen, oil, gasoline, solvents, acids, etc.	Replace the tire
Car overload	Do not overload the car
Uneven wear of a protector of tires
The raised imbalance of wheels	Balance wheels
Deformation of the tire, rim	Replace a wheel
Different pressure in tires	Establish normal pressure
The angles of installation of forward wheels are broken	Adjust the angles of installation of wheels
High speed of the movement in turns, their passing with a drift or demolition of wheels	Change style of driving. Regulate pressure in tires, the angles of installation of wheels more often, check a condition of details of suspension brackets
The raised axial side play of a wheel (strong wear of bearings of forward wheels or weakening of fastening of a nut of a nave)	Tighten a wheel nave nut, if necessary replace the bearing
Wear of hinges, deformation of details of a suspension bracket or body	Replace hinges, correct or replace the deformed suspension bracket details, longerons, body panels
Side play in steering (see also "The increased free wheeling of a steering wheel")	Replace worn-out hinges, tighten threaded connections, adjust a gap between a gear wheel and a lath in the steering mechanism
The increased free wheeling of a steering wheel
The gap between a worm and a roller in the steering mechanism is big	Adjust a gap, at impossibility of adjustment replace the steering mechanism
Plugs of the pendular lever are worn-out	Replace plugs or the pendular lever
Hinges of steering drafts are worn-out	Replace drafts
Fastenings of a case of the steering mechanism and/or arm of the pendular lever to body longerons weakened	Tighten fastenings
The steering wheel rotates hard
Gaps in the steering mechanism are incorrectly adjusted	Adjust gaps
Zaboina on surfaces, deformation of a worm and/or a roller of the steering mechanism	You zapilit small damages a file, at considerable – replace the steering mechanism
Too strong inhaling of plugs of the pendular lever, lack of lubricant	Adjust a nut inhaling, grease Litolom-24 plugs and put lubricant in a cavity between them. For check of effort of an inhaling of a nut it is necessary to remove an arm of the pendular lever from the car. The lever has to rotate at the annex to its end of load of 1-2 kgfs and should not be turned under the influence of a body weight
Low pressure in tires of forward wheels	Establish normal pressure
Выбег the car on the flat horizontal section of the road from the speed of 50 km/h less than 500 m (at air temperature not below 20 °C and after the run not less than 20 km)
Snubbing of one or several wheels	See. "An incomplete disinhibition of all wheels", "Snubbing of one of wheels at the released brake pedal"
The angles of installation of forward wheels are broken	Adjust the angles of installation of wheels
Low pressure of air in tires	Establish normal pressure
In the transmission oil of inappropriate viscosity is filled in	Replace oil on recommended in the maintenance instruction
Leak of oil from the back bridge
Cuffs of half shafts or reducer are damaged or worn-out	Replace cuffs
Teases, risks on surfaces of shaft on which cuffs, a beating of shaft work	You zapilit small damages a file and a zapoliruyta. A new cuff is possible a little (to 1 mm) to nedopressovat (having enclosed if necessary remote laying) that its edge worked by not worn-out part of a shaft. Replace the deformed details
Elevated pressure in the back bridge because of a contamination of a sapun	Clean or replace сапун
On the shock-absorber traces of damping liquid are visible
Leak of liquid from the shock-absorber (because of wear of a cuff of a rod, a sealing ring of the tank, забоин and damages of a chromic covering of a rod)	Insignificant "otpotevaniye" of the shock-absorber in the top part (if there are no potek) when saving its characteristics is not malfunction. It is possible to check shock-absorbers at the special stand or – it is rough – having shaken the car for a wing. No more than 1-2 free fluctuations of the car are allowed. At considerable leak of liquid and/or at loss of efficiency replace the shock-absorber